Describe the different characteristics of the four agonists and how each mediates distinct biological activities. Include proposed mechanisms and the receptor it is targeting.
Identify how the P450 enzyme system plays a role in the body's absorption, distribution, and clearance of medication.
Scavenge the literature after describing each agonist on the spectrum for research that is based on the medications in the table below.
Apply the medications to the appropriate agonist on the agonist spectrum in your Concept Map.
Medications
Oxycodone
Brexpiprazole
Haloperidol
Naloxone
Aripiprazole
Amphetamine
Risperidone
Pimavanserin
Absorption (A): CYP450 enzymes (especially CYP3A4) found in the intestinal wall can metabolize drugs before they enter systemic circulation (known as the first-pass effect). This affects the amount of the drug absorbed into the body.
Distribution (D): While P450's main role is metabolism, the resulting metabolites (often more water-soluble) affect the compound's distribution profile and ability to cross cell membranes.
Clearance/Metabolism (M & E): This is the primary role of CYP450. The enzymes catalyze Phase I reactions (oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis), making the drug less fat-soluble and more water-soluble. This process typically:
Inactivates the drug, preparing it for excretion (clearance/elimination).
Activates