ARTS1303 Chapters 4-7 Discussion Questions

Full Answer Section

• Symbolic representation: Architectural elements often held symbolic meaning, reflecting ideals like strength, stability, and divine power. For example, the Doric order with its sturdy columns symbolized masculine strength, while the Ionic order with its more slender columns and scrolls evoked feminine grace.

Remember: These are just some key points. Your answer can be further enriched by referring to specific examples and their details from your textbook.

Word count: 198

Additional notes:

• While idealism was a dominant influence, it's important to acknowledge the diversity of Greek art and the existence of other styles and themes alongside it.
• The impact of idealism continued beyond the 5th century, though with some modifications and variations in later periods.

I hope this helps you frame your discussion!

Sample Solution

Idealism in Greek Thought and its Impact on Art

Idealism in Greek thought emphasized the existence of perfect, unchanging forms beyond the physical world. This concept influenced both sculpture and architecture in the 5th century and beyond, leading to:

Sculpture:

• Focus on ideal beauty: Sculptors aimed to portray human forms not as they were in reality, but as they could be, emphasizing perfection in proportion, symmetry, and musculature. This is evident in iconic works like Myron's "Discobolus" and Polykleitos' "Doryphoros".
• Emphasis on the human form: Figures became the central focus, often depicted in idealized poses that conveyed strength, heroism, and athleticism. This shift is seen in the transition from Archaic kouroi and korai to the more naturalistic and dynamic styles of the Classical period.
• Mathematical principles: Sculptors employed mathematical ratios like the "golden ratio" to achieve harmony and balance in their compositions, further contributing to the idealized representation.

Architecture:

• Emphasis on perfection and harmony: Temples and other structures were built according to strict mathematical principles, aiming for perfect proportions and symmetry. This is exemplified in the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders, each with distinct ratios and decorative elements.
• Focus on divine dwellings: Temples were designed as ideal homes for gods, their grandeur and order reflecting the perfection of the divine realm. This is evident in the Parthenon on the Athenian Acropolis, with its precise columns and harmonious proportions.