Critical Thinking for Sociologists

  The most significant insightful idea is that most new studies in sociology are conducted due to criticism of an original claim. Critical thinking is necessary for determining the evidence produced to support different sociological perspectives based on rationale, pattern, causality, and precedence (Best, 2021, p. 40). Explanations and their challenges must be evaluated to provide evidence and hold both to similarly high standards. The author states that “In discussions among scientists, challenges must be subject to the same sorts of evaluations as the arguments being challenged. That is, we expect both those offering explanations and those challenging them to support their claims with evidence, and all that evidence must be weighed and judged (Best, 2021, p. 43)”. Various social science claims receive criticism from within or outside, which may be triggered by limitations that affect research results. I have learned that criticism of original claims leads to new research being conducted to either replicate the first study or use different procedures to determine if the original techniques may have shaped the findings. The best available evidence for sociology and social sciences is subject to critical evaluation and critical thinking (Best, 2021, p. 45). The idea is significant because it helps me understand how new research is established and the importance of criticism to a study. From the readings, what has been challenging to understand is the tragedy and comedy section. What makes it possible for sociologists to view their research in tragic terms and not in a comical way? The research should not focus on the plights of the individuals but can rely on their abilities which can be used to improve their lives. Therefore, the inclination of many researchers towards pessimism needs to be expounded further. How can we differentiate research from being pessimistic or optimistic? I want to explore the perspectives of pessimists and optimists further to understand the two better.