Read Lindemann, “What is Feminist Ethics” and answer the following questions:
1. What does Lindemann mean when she claims that feminism is about power and that gender is a power relation?
2. Why, according to Lindemann, are feminists concerned with describing inequalities of power, including inequalities that show up in all kinds of social relations from relations to parent-child relations?
3. How does Lindermann explain the meaning of importance of the idea that the personal is political?
Read Corvino's, “It’s Not Natural” and answer the following questions:
1. Why does Corvino think that "new natural law" (NNL) have mis-located the moral value of sex?
2. What is Corvino's criticism of the term "unnatural"?
3. What is Corvino's view of non-coital sex in general?
Gilligan is right that women have a different moral language and reasoning, how would one decide which type of moral reasoning, male or female, is the morally “right” one? Or, do you believe “rightness” depends on one's gender?
Which perspective on how to decide matters of sexual morality is most convincing to you: Utilitarianism, Kantianism, or Natural Law? Why? If you believe that more than one of these three (or any other perspective) ought to be used to judge sexual behavior, which do you consider most important? Why?
Sample Solution
Lindemann means that feminism is about power and that gender is a power relation when she claims that "the concept of power is central to feminist ethics." She argues that gender is not a natural or biological category, but rather a social construct that is used to maintain male power and privilege.
Lindemann provides a number of examples to support her claim. For example, she points out that men are more likely to hold positions of power in society, such as in politics and business. She also notes that men are more likely to earn more money than women and to have access to better resources.
Full Answer Section
Lindemann argues that these inequalities of power have a significant impact on women's lives. For example, women are more likely to experience poverty, violence, and discrimination. They are also more likely to be caretakers for children and elderly family members.
Question 2
Feminists are concerned with describing inequalities of power because they believe that these inequalities are unjust and harmful. Feminists argue that everyone deserves to have equal opportunities in life, regardless of their gender.
Lindemann provides a number of examples of inequalities of power that feminists are concerned about. For example, she mentions the fact that women are more likely to be victims of sexual violence and domestic violence. She also notes that women are more likely to live in poverty and to have less access to education and healthcare.
Lindemann argues that feminists need to describe these inequalities of power in order to raise awareness of them and to work to change them.
Question 3
The idea that "the personal is political" means that our personal experiences are shaped by the political and social context in which we live. Feminists argue that our personal relationships, our work experiences, and our overall well-being are all affected by the inequalities of power that exist in society.
Lindemann explains that the idea that "the personal is political" is important for feminist ethics because it challenges us to think about the ethical implications of our personal choices. For example, she argues that our choices about who we date and marry, how we raise our children, and how we spend our time all have political implications.
Lindemann also argues that the idea that "the personal is political" is important because it encourages us to connect our personal experiences to the experiences of other women. She argues that by doing so, we can build solidarity and work together to create a more just and equitable society.
Question 4
Corvino argues that "new natural law" (NNL) have mis-located the moral value of sex because they focus on the procreative potential of sex, rather than on the pleasure and intimacy that sex can provide.
Corvino criticizes the term "unnatural" because it is often used to denigrate and stigmatize non-traditional sexual practices. She argues that there is nothing wrong with non-coital sex, and that it can be just as pleasurable and fulfilling as coital sex.
Question 5
Corvino's view of non-coital sex in general is that it is a perfectly normal and healthy way to express sexuality. She argues that there is no moral reason to condemn non-coital sex, and that it should be treated with the same respect as coital sex.
Corvino also argues that non-coital sex can be a valuable way to explore one's sexuality and to learn about one's own body. She believes that everyone should be free to engage in non-coital sex, if they choose to do so, without fear of judgment or discrimination.
Conclusion
Lindemann and Corvino are both feminist ethicists who are concerned with the ways in which power and inequality affect women's lives. Lindemann argues that feminists need to describe inequalities of power and the idea that "the personal is political" is important for feminist ethics. Corvino argues that "new natural law" have mis-located the moral value of sex and that there is nothing wrong with non-coital sex.
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