Fortification of Milk Order Description - Fortified definition - What Is the Fortification of Milk? - Vitamin A and vitamin D are the two nutrients that federal regulations mandate for the fortification of milk - Vitamin A is a nutrient that the human body requires for vision and gene transcription. - Milk is the poof courses of vitamin D, How Does Milk Get Vitamin D? - Vitamin D and Calcium Absorption - Why doesn't the UK add Vitamin D to milk as is done in the USA and Canada? When the fortifying accurse? - The FDA recommends that milk manufacturers add vitamin D after the separation of milk fat and before homogenization, the mixing process that keeps milk fats from rising to top of the liquid. Adding vitamin D before homogenization ensures that the vitamin is thoroughly mixed into the milk. Natural Vitamin D - All milk produced by cows and other animals contains a low concentration of vitamin D, which is affected by the animals' feed and sun exposure. The FDA reports that raw cow's milk typically contains 5 to 40 IU of vitamin D per quart. Because the level is low, it is not typically considered in determining the amount of vitamin D concentrate added to fortify milk. Therefore, processed milk may contain slightly more vitamin D than is listed in the nutrition facts. References - should be new and not before 2010 - all references should be books and scientific paper