Health Care Finance

    Discussion Questions 1.) Dr. Powers operates a single-provider family medical practice. One medical assistant handles appointments, basic bookkeeping functions, and assists with medical records. Two additional medical assistants assist in patient care. The physician’s spouse comes into the office on an irregular basis to prepare the bank deposit. The accountant for the practice has been able to convince Dr. Powers to hire a practice manager, rather than another medical assistant, to manage the increasing workload of the practice. Teresa Ruiz has been hired into the position of practice manager and has arrived for her first day of work. The medical assistant responsible for opening the mail and posting patient payments tells Ms. Ruiz that patient records are up to date on payments received and charges for services, but she has been instructed to only place the cash and checks received into the cash drawer and that Dr. Powers’ spouse would handle the cash from that point. In the cash drawer, Ms. Ruiz finds checks dated over the past 2 weeks, cash far in excess of that needed for daily operations, and dozens of IOUs where Dr. Powers has taken cash from the cash drawer for lunches. What are the appropriate steps for Ms. Ruiz to take to establish reasonable financial controls over the cash handling process?   2.) Mrs. Ivanov comes into the medical facility for a routine office visit. Her copayment is $35, and she hands the cashier a $50 bill. The $50 bill is deposited into, and the $15 change is taken from, which of the following? A.) Petty cash fund B.)Cash drawer C.) Operating checking account D.) Payroll checking account   3.) Johnson’s Carpet Cleaning has completed their monthly cleaning at the medical office and submitted their billing for $200. Payment to Johnson’s is made from the? A.) Petty cash fund B.) Cash drawer C.) Operating checking account D.) Payroll checking account   4.) Drs. Sawyer and Preston operate a medical partnership. An employee has been designated and trained as a cashier, responsible for opening the mail and recording payments received. The cashier also takes payments from patients receiving medical services. The cashier balances the cash drawer, prepares the daily bank deposit, and drops the deposit into the bank’s night deposit at the end of the day. What recommendations would you make to improve internal controls over the cash handling process?   5.) Mr. Alvarez has just been named as the practice manager for a three-doctor urology practice. Mr. Alvarez is reviewing the petty cash fund and notices that there are several hundred dollars in cash as well as IOUs from various employees in the fund. Dr. Singh, the senior partner, tells Mr. Alvarez that the practice allows employees to use cash from the petty cash fund to tide them over until payday. What do you think of this policy?   6.) The office manager of an outpatient facility is responsible for reimbursing employees of the business for miscellaneous purchases. Which cash management tool is being used?   7.) Dr. Bernu wants to save time on accounting needs for the practice. Since this one factor is the largest in the practice, the decision was made to outsource this to a service provider. Which cash management tool is being used?   8.) Senior medical assistant Hannah is responsible for making change for all the cash paying patients at Quonto Diagnostic Center. Which cash management tool is being used?   9.) All of the following would be included in cash and cash equivalents EXCEPT: A.) Petty cash fund B.) Cash drawer C.) Operating checking account D.) Bank certificates of deposit that mature in 2 years   10.) Working in a single-physician medical office, Aaron Hoffman serves as cashier for the office, makes the daily bank deposit, and is responsible for the monthly bank reconciliation. What recommendations would you make to improve internal control in this area?

Sample Solution

   

1. Assess the Current Situation

The first step for Teresa Ruiz is to assess the current situation and identify the areas of greatest risk. In this case, the following red flags are apparent:

  • The medical assistant responsible for opening the mail and posting patient payments has been instructed to only place the cash and checks received into the cash drawer and that Dr. Powers' spouse would handle the cash from that point. This lack of segregation of duties creates a high risk of theft and misappropriation of funds.
  • There are checks dated over the past 2 weeks in the cash drawer. This suggests that the cash drawer is not being reconciled daily, which increases the risk of errors and fraud.

Full Answer Section

     
  • There is cash far in excess of that needed for daily operations in the cash drawer. This suggests that the cash is not being deposited in a timely manner, which increases the risk of theft and loss.
  • There are dozens of IOUs in the cash drawer where Dr. Powers has taken cash for lunches. This suggests that Dr. Powers is using the cash drawer as a personal piggy bank, which is a violation of sound financial controls.
  1. Develop a Plan for Improvement
Based on her assessment of the current situation, Teresa Ruiz should develop a plan for improving the cash handling process. The following are some specific steps that she can take:
  • Implement a segregation of duties. This means that different people should be responsible for different aspects of the cash handling process, such as receiving payments, reconciling the cash drawer, and making deposits.
  • Reconcile the cash drawer daily. This means comparing the amount of cash in the drawer to the amount of cash that should be in the drawer based on the daily records.
  • Deposit cash receipts daily. This will help to reduce the amount of cash on hand and reduce the risk of theft and loss.
  • Prohibit personal use of the cash drawer. This includes prohibiting Dr. Powers from taking cash from the drawer for lunches.
  1. Communicate the Plan to Staff
Once Teresa Ruiz has developed a plan for improvement, she should communicate the plan to all staff members. She should explain the importance of following the new procedures and the consequences of failing to do so.
  1. Train Staff on the New Procedures
Teresa Ruiz should provide training to all staff members on the new cash handling procedures. The training should cover the following topics:
  • How to receive payments from patients
  • How to record payments in the patient records system
  • How to reconcile the cash drawer at the end of each day
  • How to make deposits
  • How to handle IOUs
  1. Monitor the New Procedures
Teresa Ruiz should monitor the new cash handling procedures to ensure that they are being followed. She can do this by reviewing daily reconciliation reports and deposit slips. She should also conduct periodic spot checks of the cash drawer.
  1. Make Adjustments as Needed
Teresa Ruiz should be prepared to make adjustments to the cash handling procedures as needed. For example, if she finds that the new procedures are too cumbersome or time-consuming, she may need to modify them slightly. Conclusion By taking the steps outlined above, Teresa Ruiz can establish reasonable financial controls over the cash handling process at Dr. Powers' practice. This will help to reduce the risk of theft and fraud, and improve the overall financial health of the practice. Additional Recommendations In addition to the steps outlined above, Teresa Ruiz may also want to consider the following recommendations:
  • Implement a cash register system. This will provide a more accurate and efficient way to track cash transactions.
  • Use a lockbox for deposits. This will help to ensure that deposits are made safely and securely.
  • Require all employees to sign a confidentiality agreement. This will help to protect the privacy of patient financial information.
  • Have the practice's financial statements audited on a regular basis.This will provide an independent review of the practice's financial controls and help to identify any areas of improvement.
 

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