How coherent was crusader strategy under the leaders in the first half of the thirteenth century? Which rulers made the best crusaders?
How coherent was crusader strategy under the leaders in the first half of the thirteenth century?
Which rulers made the best crusaders?
What was it that the âpilgrimsâ of the crusades wanted to achieve?
There are three essay titles, just choose one of them,thanks
At least 12 reference 3000words(includes footnote)
some reading maybe useful:
Bull, M. G., âThe Roots of lay enthusiasm for the First Crusadeâ, History 78 (1993), 353-72, and in ed. T. F. Madden, The Crusades: The Essential Readings (Oxford, 2002), ch. 8.
Bull, M., Knightly Piety and the Lay Response to the First Crusade (Oxford, 1993).
Runciman, S., The Crusades, (3 vols., 5th edn, London, 1951-4). On the motivations on the first and fourth crusades.
France, J., âPatronage and the appeal of the First Crusadeâ, in ed. T. F. Madden, The Crusades: The Essential Readings (Oxford, 2002), ch. 9.
Hill, J. H. and Hill, L. L., Raymond IV Count of Toulouse, Westport, Connetticut, 1980 (reprint of 1962 edn.). On him as a crusader.
Hill, J. H. and L. L., âThe convention of Alexius Comnenus and Raymond of St. Gillesâ, American Historical Review 58 (1953), 322-7.
Sources
Internet Medieval Sourcebook: The Gesta Francorum
Documents 4, 11, 19 in Phillips, Crusades
Documents 87, 89 in Evergates, T. (ed.), Feudal Society in Medieval France: Documents from the County of Champagne (Philadephia, 1993).
Peters, Christian Society, ii. 2.
Extracts from Ernoulâs Chronicle (c. 1231) in ed. D. Pringle, Pilgrimage to Jerusalem and the Holy land, 1187-1291. Crusade Texts in Translation 23 (Farnham, 2012), no. 3, ch 7 (pp. 136-43).
Internet Medieval Sourcebook under âThe Fifth and Later Crusadesâ: Cologne Chronicle: The Children's Crusade, 1212.
Secondary reading:
Anderson, G., et al., âAn economic interpretation of the medieval crusadesâ, The Journal of European Economic History, 21 (1992), 339-63.
Bronstein, J., âThe Crusades and the Jews: Some Reflections on the 1096 massacreâ, History Compass 5/4 (2007), 1268-79.
Cahzan, R., âThe Anti-Jewish violence of 1096: Perpetrators and dynamicsâ, in A. Abulafia, A. (ed.), Religious Violence Between Christians and Jews: Medieval Roots, Modern Perspectives (Basingstoke, 2002). E-book.
Dickson, G., The Childrenâs Crusade (Basingstoke, 2008). E-book
Finucane, R. C., Soldiers of the Faith, (London, 1983).
France, J., âPatronage and the crusadeâs appealâ in Phillips, First Crusade, 5-20.
France, J., âTwo types of vision on the First Crusade: Stephen of Valence and Peter Bartholemewâ, Crusades, 5 (2006).
Gabriel, M., âAgainst the enemies of Christ: The role of Count Emicho in Anti-Jewish violence of the first crusadeâ, in ed. F. Frassetto, Christioan Attitudes Towards Jews in the Middle Ages (New York/London: 2007), pp. 61- 82.
Hansbery, J., âThe ChildrensâCrusadeâ, Catholic Historical Review 24 (1938).
Hill, R., âCrusading warfare: a camp-followerâs view 1097-1120â, in ed. R. Allen-Brown, Proceedings of the Battle Conference: 1, 1978, (Ipswich, 1979), 75-83. DIGITISED
Housley, N., The Crusaders (Stroud, 2002).
Flori, J., âIdeology and motivations in the First Crusadeâ in Nicholson, H. (ed.), The Crusades (Basingstoke, 2005). ch. 1. E-book.
Kedar, B. Z., âThe Passenger list of a crusader ship, 1250: towards the history of the popular element on the Seventh Crusadeâ, Studi medievali 3: 13 (1972), 267-79 and in idem., The Franks in the Levant, (Aldershot, 1993).
Kedar, B., âCrusade historians and the massacres of 1096â, Jewish History, 12 (1998), 11-31.
Kostick, C., The Social Structure of the First Crusade (Leiden/Boston, 2008). E-book.
Kostick, C. (ed). The Crusades and the Near East: Cultural Histories (London/New York, 2011).
Kostick, C., âThe terms milites, esquites and equestres in the early crusading historiesâ, Nottingham Medieval Studies 50 (2006), 1-21.
Kostick, C., âSocial unrest and Conrad IIIâs march through Anatoliaâ, German History 28 (2010), 125-142.
Kostick, C., âIuvenes and the First Crusade (1096-99): knights in search of glory?â, Journal of Medieval History 73 (2009), 177-208.
Kostick, C., âA further discussion of the authorship of the Gesta Francorumâ, Reading Medieval Studies 35 (2009), 1-11.
Lapina, E., âGambling and gaming in the Holy Land: Chess, dice and other games in the crusader sourcesâ, Crusades, 12 (2013).