Cash Management
I. Internal Factors That Affect Working Capital Needs:
• Company size and growth rate
• organizational structure
• Sophistication of working capital management
• Borrowing and investing positions/acyivities/capacities
II. External Factors
• Banking services
• Interest rates
• New technologies and products
• The economy
• Competitors
III. Cash versus liquidity management
• Primary sources of liquidity
o Cash balances
o Short-term funds
o Cash-flow management
• Secondary sources — may result in a change in the company’s financial and operating position:
o negotiated debt contracts
o liquidating assets
o filing for bankruptcy
IV. Statement of Cash Flow
A. Tracing how the cash balance has changed from one period to next.
B. Three parts: Operations, Capital Spending, Financing Cash Flows.
V. Tracing Cash Flows
A. Sources of Cash: Increases in Liabilities or Equity Accounts; Decreases in Assets(other than cash).
B. Uses of Cash: Decreases in Liabilities or Equity; Increases in Assets (other than cash)
VI. Operating Cycle
A. = Inventory Period + Average Collection Period
B. Inventory Period = 365÷InventoryTurnover
Inventory Turnover = CostofGoodsSold÷AverageInventory
C. Average Collection Period = 365÷ReceivablesTurnover
Receivables Turnover = CreditSales÷AverageReceivables
VII. Cash Cycle
A. = =OperatingCycle−PayablesPeriod
Payables Period =365÷PayablesTurnover
PayablesTurnover=CostOfGoodsSold÷AveragePayables
B. What is the link between the cash cycle and value?