Journal questions

Remember – these journal questions require more thinking than writing. Think about exactly what you are asked to do, and then write as economically as possible. Instructions For this journal assignment, briefly answer each of the following prompts. For all instances where you are required to provide a definition, do not copy definitions from the text. Use your own words. Self-Regulation The textbook mentions the skill of self-regulation. How do you define this term? You may want to review Chapter 2 (to review critical thinking skills) before you write out your definition. Sytem-1 and System-2 Define System-1 and System-2 thinking in your own words. Give an example from your personal or work life where you would use each of them, explaining why each is appropriate to the situation in which you use it. Heuristics Define "heuristic" in your own words. Give an example of a heuristic that might be used in your personal or professional life and briefly show how it could have a positive or negative effect. Do not use examples found in the text. Dominance Structuring Explain the term "dominance structuring" in your own words. Is dominance structuring a positive or negative attribute of critical thinking? Explain. Use examples if that is helpful to your explanation. Cognitive Bias Briefly examine what part you think mastery of facts and understanding of data has in avoiding cognitive bias in System-1 thinking. If you include references to outside sources (beyond the textbook), make sure you cite them properly.

Sample Solution

Journal Responses

Self-Regulation:

Self-regulation is the ability to manage your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors to achieve your goals. It's like being the conductor of your own mental orchestra.

System-1 and System-2:

System-1: Fast, automatic thinking. It's our "gut instinct" that reacts quickly without much conscious effort. (e.g., Avoiding a speeding car)
System-2: Slower, deliberate thinking. It's the analytical side that weighs options and solves complex problems. (e.g., Analyzing financial data)

Heuristics:

Heuristics are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions based on limited information. They're like rules of thumb that are generally efficient but can be misleading.

Example: Recognizing a friend's voice (Positive) - Saves time identifying the caller, but could be fooled by a mimic (Negative).

Dominance Structuring:

Dominance structuring is the tendency to focus on the first option that comes to mind and ignore potential alternatives. It's like grabbing the first apple you see without checking the rest of the basket.

Full Answer Section

Positive: Streamlines decisions for routine tasks. (e.g., Choosing your usual coffee order)
Negative: Can lead to overlooking better options. (e.g., Sticking with an underperforming investment strategy)

Cognitive Bias and System-1 Thinking:

Mastery of facts and data can help mitigate cognitive bias in System-1 thinking by providing a more objective foundation for our gut reactions. It's like having a knowledge base to challenge snap judgments. (e.g., Fact-checking a news headline before sharing it)

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