Medication class and mechanism of action for the chosen medication.

Sample Solution

  Medication: Lisinopril Medication Class and Mechanism of Action: Lisinopril is a medication in the class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. ACE inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict, which increases blood pressure. By blocking the production of angiotensin II, ACE inhibitors relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. Prescription: Lisinopril 20 mg tablet Take 1 tablet by mouth once daily.

Full Answer Section

    Evidence-based rationale for the selected medication: There is a large body of evidence that supports the use of ACE inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension. A meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials found that ACE inhibitors were more effective than placebo at lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. ACE inhibitors were also associated with a lower risk of stroke and heart failure. Side effects or adverse effects associated with the medication: The most common side effects of lisinopril are:

• Cough
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Rash

Less common side effects of lisinopril include:

• Hyperkalemia
• Hypotension
• Renal failure
• Angioedema

Required diagnostic testing: Before starting lisinopril, it is important to get a blood test to check your potassium levels. Lisinopril can cause hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can be a serious side effect, so it is important to monitor your potassium levels closely while taking lisinopril. You should also get a blood test to check your kidney function before starting lisinopril. Lisinopril can cause renal failure, so it is important to make sure that your kidneys are working properly before starting the medication. Normal results range for any listed laboratory tests:

• Potassium: 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
• Creatinine: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL

Conclusion: Lisinopril is a safe and effective medication for the treatment of hypertension. It is important to monitor your potassium and kidney function while taking lisinopril, but the benefits of the medication outweigh the risks for most patients.