Overview of the Mechanisms of Kidney Function
Ms. Cornwall is admitted with pyelonephritis. She has chills, and her temperature is 101?F. She is

complaining of flank pain, frequency, and dysuria. Her urine has white blood cell casts and shows

growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli).

Based on the above scenario, answer the following questions:
? Why does she have bacteria and white blood cell casts in her urine? Include the

pathophysiological response of body for your analysis.
? What are the differences when comparing prerenal acute renal failure, intrarenal acute renal

failure, and postrenal acute renal failure? Give examples of each and pathological processes

related to each disease process.