Physical chemistry homework

Physical chemistry homework 1) a) One mole of an ideal gas with Cv = 3R/2 undergoes the transformations described in the following list from an initial state described by T = 300 K and P = 1.00 bar. Calculate Q, W, ?U, ?H, and ?S for each process i. The gas is heated to 450 K at a constant external pressure of 1.00 bar. ii. The gas is heated to 450 K at a constant volume corresponding to the initial volume. iii. The gas undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion at 300 K until the pressure is half of its initial value. b) Calculate ?SSURR and ?STOTAL for each of the processes described in a). Which of the processes is/are a spontaneous process? The state of the surroundings for each part is as follow: i. 450 K, 1.00 bar ii. 450 K, 1.00 bar iii. 300 K, 0.50 bar 2) a) i. Draw a standard phase diagram for a pure component and indicate on it the different phases, the triple point and the critical point. ii. Which equation is used to calculate the phase boundaries? iii. In which conditions are the phase boundaries assimilated to straight lines? b) Ice melts under pressure. This has been used as an explanation for the possibility of ice-skating. Let’s check the facts. ?i ce = 0.917 g cm–3; ?water = 1.000 g cm–3; Mwater = 18.02 g mol–1; ?fusH°ice = 6.030 kJ mol–1; at atmospheric pressure P1 = 101,325 Pa, the melting temperature of ice is T1 = 273.15 K. i. An ice-skater of 80 kg uses 2 mm wide and 220 mm long blades. Calculate the melting temperature of water under the blades. ii. The ice of an ice rink is usually kept at –6 °C. Does the ice melt under the pressure of the ice skater? 3) a) i. What are the conditions of ideality for two components to form an ideal solution? ii. What are the two cases where a real solution can be approximated to an ideal solution? Briefly explain. b) A 2 L closed bottle of carbonated water contains 9 g of dissolved CO2. Henry’s law constant for the solubility of CO2 in water at 25 °C = 0.163 × 104 atm Vapour pressure of pure water at 25 °C = 3,200 Pa i. Explain briefly why Henry’s law can be used to calculate the partial vapour pressure of CO2 in the bottle. ii. Calculate the total vapour pressure in the bottle. iii. Calculate the volume of CO2 degasing once the bottle is open at atmospheric pressure. Assume CO2 is a perfect gas. 4) The attractive electrostatic interaction energy between two molecules having permanent dipoles and oriented in the most favourable arrangement is given by: |q1| = 0.32e and |q2| = 0.28e l1 = 112 pm and l2 = 178 pm a) Calculate the dipole moments (µ1 and µ2 in C m) for the two molecules. b) Calculate the electrostatic interaction energy (in kJ mol–1) between these two dipolar molecules when r = 0.5 nm. PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET AN AMAZING DISCOUNT :)

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