Principles Of Nutrition
You have been asked to teach a new patient nutrition class. In the first class session, you plan to present information using PowerPoint. As you prepare this presentation, choose your audience and state whether the patients are mothers with young children, adults, or seniors. Then include the following information on your slides:
The typical nutritional needs of your audience
Examples of foods they should include in their daily diet
How much of each macronutrient they should include in their meals each day
Examples of foods they should avoid or restrict to one or two portions per week
Consequences of poor nutrition
Sample Solution
Good nutrition is essential for maintaining good health and preventing disease. This presentation will discuss the nutritional needs of adults, including the types of foods they should include in their diet, how much of each macronutrient they should consume, and examples of foods they should avoid.Full Answer Section
Typical Nutritional Needs of Adults The nutritional needs of adults vary depending on their age, sex, activity level, and overall health status. However, there are some general guidelines that can be followed.- Energy: Adults need enough energy to fuel their daily activities. The amount of energy they need will vary depending on their activity level. For example, a sedentary adult may need around 2,000 calories per day, while an active adult may need around 3,000 calories per day.
- Protein: Protein is essential for building and repairing tissues. Adults need around 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. For example, a 70-kilogram adult would need around 56 grams of protein per day.
- Fat: Fat is essential for absorbing vitamins and providing energy. Adults need around 20-35% of their calories from fat. However, it is important to choose healthy fats, such as those found in avocados, nuts, and seeds.
- Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. Adults need around 45-65% of their calories from carbohydrates. However, it is important to choose complex carbohydrates, such as those found in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
- Fruits: Fruits are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. They can be eaten fresh, frozen, or canned.
- Vegetables: Vegetables are also a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. They can be eaten raw, cooked, or roasted.
- Whole grains: Whole grains are a good source of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They include brown rice, quinoa, whole-wheat bread, and whole-wheat pasta.
- Lean protein: Lean protein is a good source of protein and other nutrients. It includes chicken, fish, beans, and lentils.
- Healthy fats: Healthy fats are a good source of essential fatty acids. They include avocados, nuts, and seeds.
- Protein: 20-30% of calories
- Fat: 20-35% of calories
- Carbohydrates: 45-65% of calories
- Processed foods: Processed foods are often high in unhealthy fats, sugar, and sodium.
- Fast food: Fast food is often high in unhealthy fats, sugar, and sodium.
- Sugary drinks: Sugary drinks are high in calories and sugar. They can contribute to weight gain and other health problems.
- Salty foods: Salty foods can contribute to high blood pressure.
- Obesity: Obesity is a major risk factor for a number of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and some types of cancer.
- Heart disease: Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. Poor nutrition can increase the risk of heart disease by increasing cholesterol levels and inflammation.
- Stroke: Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. Poor nutrition can increase the risk of stroke by increasing blood pressure and blood clots.
- Type 2 diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how the body metabolizes sugar. Poor