Professional Nursing Education

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Potential "Red Flag" Finding: Delayed Language Development

If the infant is not speaking as many words as expected for their age, this could be a "red flag" indicating a potential delay in language development.

Recommendations:

• Refer to a speech-language pathologist (SLP): An SLP can conduct a comprehensive evaluation to assess the infant's language skills and provide specific recommendations for intervention.
• Encourage language-rich activities: Engage the infant in activities that promote language development, such as reading books, singing songs, and talking to them frequently.
• Model appropriate language: Use clear and simple language when speaking to the infant.
• Limit screen time: Excessive screen time can interfere with language development.
• Monitor for other developmental delays: If language delays are present, it is important to monitor for other developmental delays, such as motor or cognitive delays.

References:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023). Milestones: 10 to 12 months. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/index.html
• American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
  (2023). Language development. https://publications.aap.org/pediatricsinreview/article/40/8/398/35313/How-Young-Children-Learn-Language-and-Speech

Sample Solution

Assessing a 10-12 Month Old Infant

Assessment Areas:

1. Growth and Development:

   • Physical: Measure length, weight, and head circumference to assess growth. Normal findings include a steady increase in length and weight, and a head circumference that has slowed compared to the first year.
   • Motor: Observe gross motor skills, such as walking, climbing, and standing. Fine motor skills, like using a spoon and building a tower of blocks, should also be assessed. Normal findings include the ability to walk independently, climb stairs with assistance, and grasp small objects with the thumb and index finger.
   • Cognitive: Assess language development, such as understanding simple commands and speaking a few words. Normal findings include understanding simple questions and being able to say 10-15 words.
   • Social and Emotional: Observe interactions with caregivers and other children. Normal findings include showing affection, playing simple games, and beginning to understand basic emotions.

2. Health History:

   • Immunizations: Verify that the infant has received all recommended immunizations for their age.
   • Allergies: Inquire about any known allergies or sensitivities.
   • Medications: Ask about any medications the infant is taking.
   • Recent illnesses or injuries: Determine if the infant has experienced any recent illnesses or injuries.

3. Nutrition:

   • Feeding patterns: Ask about the infant's feeding habits, including frequency, type of food, and portion sizes.
   • Weight gain: Assess whether the infant is gaining weight appropriately.
   • Dietary supplements: Inquire about any dietary supplements the infant is taking.