Self-Management

Full Answer Section

Question 5

5. S-Cl < P-Cl < Si-Cl < Mg-Cl

Question 6

Cs has the lowest electronegativity.

Question 7

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Lewis electron structure for sulfur atom

Question 8

SF4 is a covalent compound.

Question 9

The electron configuration for Al3+ is 1s22s22p6.

Question 10

2. NO3- has a trigonal planar structure.

Question 11

2. Na2O has primarily ionic bonding.

Question 12

False. Ionic bonding occurs between atoms with large differences in electronegativities.

Question 13

The electron arrangement around the central atom (sulfur) in SO2 is trigonal pyramidal.

Question 14

2. A oxygen atom needs to gain 2 electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 15

True. N2 is an example of a covalent bond.

Question 16

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Lewis structure for SiH4

Question 17

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Lewis electron structure for Cl2 molecule

Additional Information

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a measure of how strongly an atom attracts electrons. Atoms with higher electronegativities attract electrons more strongly than atoms with lower electronegativities.

Ionic Bonding

Ionic bonding occurs between atoms with large differences in electronegativities. In ionic bonding, one atom transfers one or more electrons to another atom. The atom that transfers electrons becomes a positively charged cation, and the atom that gains electrons becomes a negatively charged anion.

Covalent Bonding

Covalent bonding occurs between atoms with similar electronegativities. In covalent bonding, atoms share electrons to form a bond.

Lewis Structures

Lewis structures are a way of representing the valence electrons of atoms and molecules. Lewis structures can be used to predict the shape of molecules and to identify polar bonds.

Polar Bonds

A polar bond is a bond between two atoms with different electronegativities. In a polar bond, the electrons are not shared equally between the two atoms. The atom with the higher electronegativity has a greater share of the electrons.

Nonpolar Bonds

A nonpolar bond is a bond between two atoms with the same electronegativity. In a nonpolar bond, the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.

Molecular Structure

The molecular structure of a molecule is the arrangement of its atoms in space. The molecular structure of a molecule is determined by the number of valence electrons on each atom and the electronegativities of the atoms.

Sample Solution

Question 1

2. N2O, O

Question 2

3. O-O

Question 3

4. MgBr2

Question 4

NaBr is an ionic compound.