The development of personality

 


Discuss your thoughts with Freud’s dualistic model? How does the model help explain the development of personality?

Consider the therapeutic skill of interpretation. Compare and contrast how two therapeutic approaches use interpretation and discuss guidelines for clinicians using this technique.

Describe the therapeutic relationship in behavior therapy. How does this relationship differ from other treatment modalities?

Theoretical Scenarios: 1 - 1½   pages per scenario

 

 1. Ricky, 30, arrived in the United States from Ecuador about six months ago. He is seeking therapy at this time because he is having difficulty adjusting to American culture and finding suitable employment. He has been assigned to a 20-year-old therapist who emigrated with his parents from Iran at the age of 19. Although their backgrounds are quite different, consider the ADDRESSING acronym and which “locations” or components of identification are similar, and which are different. How can the clinician use the ADDRESSING model to build a cohesive therapeutic alliance with Ricky?

 

 2. Paul and Saul sought counseling because of constant arguing over financial matters. Paul believes that Saul is too stingy and won’t allow them to enjoy their money. Saul believes that Paul has no sense of household expenses and doesn’t appreciate her efforts to maintain a budget. Design two task assignments that you believe would be helpful to Paul and Saul. As an Adlerian therapist, how would you approach the process of suggesting a task assignment?

 

  3. Harry said, “I just know that my son’s English teacher has a problem with him. She’s trying to keep him from playing in Friday night’s football game by giving him a failing grade. I have thought about talking with her, but I’m so angry that I’m afraid I’ll blow up.” As the school counselor, you are aware that the teacher has invited the student to stay after school for additional assistance (which the student refused) and that she has come to you to discuss how best to help the student. You also know that the teacher attends every football game and is known to be a sports fan. Identify one irrational belief that Harry may hold and prepare an example of how you might dispute his belief by using these two styles:

 

(Two Styles)

a.    Didactic

b.    Socratic
 

Sample Answer

 

 

 

 

 

Sigmund Freud’s dualistic model primarily refers to his later theory of instincts: Eros (the life instinct) and Thanatos (the death instinct). Eros represents the drive for survival, procreation, and social connection, powered by the energy of the libido. In contrast, Thanatos represents an inherent drive toward aggression, destruction, and a return to an inorganic state.

 

This dualism is central to Freud’s explanation of personality development. He proposed that the human psyche must constantly negotiate the tension between these opposing forces within the structural framework of the Id, Ego, and Superego.

Id: The reservoir of both Eros and Thanatos, operating on the pleasure principle.

Ego: The rational mediator that uses the reality principle to satisfy the Id’s drives in socially acceptable ways.

Superego: The moral compass that internalizes societal and parental standards.

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