The neural diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia revisited
The neural diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia revisited: An update on recent findings considering illness stage and neurobiological and methodological complexities.”
Evaluate the vulnerability factors of developing schizophrenia according to the updated neural diathesis-stress model.
Discuss the implication this updated model has for the treatment of schizophrenia.
In your opinion, should individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia have their civil liberties restricted (e.g., the ability to vote, sit on a jury, register a firearm)? Why or why not?
Sample Solution
Vulnerability Factors in the Updated Neural Diathesis-Stress Model of Schizophrenia
The updated neural diathesis-stress model posits that schizophrenia arises from the complex interaction of:
- Genetic Predisposition: Individuals inherit a genetic vulnerability for the disorder, but it doesn't guarantee its development.
- Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities: Early brain development issues, particularly in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, can increase vulnerability.
- Environmental Stressors: These can be diverse, but the updated model emphasizes social-evaluative threats (feeling judged or excluded) and uncontrollable situations as particularly potent triggers for individuals with underlying vulnerabilities.
Implications for Treatment
The updated model highlights the need for a multifaceted approach to treatment:
- Addressing the underlying vulnerability: This could involve investigating and potentially managing genetic risk factors and early neurodevelopmental issues.
- Stress management: Techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness can help individuals cope with stressful situations effectively, potentially reducing the risk of symptom exacerbation.
- Social support: Building strong social connections and addressing social exclusion can be crucial in preventing or managing symptoms.
Restricting Civil Liberties of Individuals with Schizophrenia
Individuals with schizophrenia should not have their civil liberties restricted solely based on their diagnosis. Such restrictions are discriminatory and can perpetuate stigma surrounding the illness.
Full Answer Section
Here's why:
- Schizophrenia does not automatically equate to inability to make sound decisions or pose a threat. The vast majority of individuals with schizophrenia live productive lives and are not violent.
- Restrictive measures can exacerbate the illness and hinder recovery. These can lead to social isolation and hinder access to support systems, potentially worsening symptoms.
- Individual assessments are crucial. Determining any potential risk should be done on a case-by-case basis, considering the individual's specific situation and mental health state, not solely based on the diagnosis.
Instead of restricting liberties, focusing on evidence-based treatment, promoting social inclusion, and combating stigma are crucial steps towards supporting individuals with schizophrenia and promoting their well-being.