The process of lipolysis and formation of ketones.
Scenario/Summary
History:
BT is a 36-year-old female experiencing pain during urination over the course of two days and is urinating more frequently. She does not have a fever or any other symptoms. She states she has not been drinking as much water as usual.
Physical: abdomen is soft, with no signs of tenderness or masses
Labs: a urinalysis with a "dipstick" is performed and reveals leukocytes and nitrites which suggest infection. A surprising finding is that she also has ketones in her urine (ketonuria).
Assessment: Urinary tract infection and ketonuria
When the body produces excess ketones, they are eliminated by the lungs and kidney.
Further history will be needed to determine why she is producing excessive ketones!
Instructions
Answer the following questions based on the scenario and article above and save your responses in a Microsoft Word document. Provide a scholarly resource in APA format to support your answers.
Identify 2 potential causes of ketonuria.
Identify the nutrient involved in the formation of ketones.
Describe the process of lipolysis and formation of ketones.
Is the process in Q3, anabolic or catabolic?
Predict the effect of excess ketones on the blood pH.
Sample Solution
Lipolysis is the breakdown of fats into smaller molecules. This process occurs in the liver, and it is essential for the production of energy. When there is not enough glucose available for energy, the body will start to break down fats. The first step in lipolysis is the hydrolysis of triglycerides, which are the main type of fat found in the body. Triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. The fatty acids are then transported to the liver, where they are further broken down into ketone bodies.Full Answer Section
The three main ketone bodies are:- Acetoacetate
- Beta-hydroxybutyrate
- Acetone
- Fasting or starvation
- Diabetes
- Alcoholism
- Ketosis
- Starvation
- Pregnancy
- Medications