Theories and conceptual models from nursing and related fields for use in advanced nursing practice.
Sample Solution
Evaluating Theories and Conceptual Models for Advanced Nursing Practice
Advanced nursing practice (ANP) demands a strong foundation in theoretical knowledge to guide complex decision-making and deliver holistic patient care. Evaluating theories and conceptual models from nursing and related fields allows advanced practice nurses (APNs) to choose frameworks that best suit their area of expertise and patient population. Here, we will explore key considerations for evaluating theories and discuss two prominent models: Roy Adaptation Model and Neuman's Systems Model.
Criteria for Evaluation:
Several factors influence the suitability of a theory or model for ANP. Firstly, relevance to the patient population is crucial. Theories that address specific patient needs, such as chronic illness management for geriatric populations (e.g., Benner's Novice to Expert Model), are more applicable than broad theories of human development.
Secondly, the level of complexity must align with the advanced practice role. Theories like Neuman's Systems Model, which consider the multifaceted interactions between a patient's system and stressors, provide a nuanced perspective for ANPs tackling complex health issues.
Thirdly, the model's empirical evidence is essential. Theories grounded in research and supported by studies hold greater credibility and can inform evidence-based practice.
Full Answer Section
Two Prominent Models for Evaluation
- Roy Adaptation Model: Developed by Sister Callista Roy, this model focuses on a person's adaptive responses to stimuli. It proposes that individuals strive to maintain a state of adaptation in four modes: physiological, psychological, self-concept, and role function ([Roy, C. (2009). The Roy adaptation model. Nursing Science Quarterly, 22(1), 12-17]).
Evaluation for ANP: Roy's model resonates well with ANP due to its emphasis on holistic assessment and promoting patient adaptation. APNs working in chronic disease management can utilize this model to identify individual adaptive patterns and tailor interventions to support patients' ongoing adjustments. However, some limitations exist. The model's focus on biological adaptation might require additional frameworks to address complex psychosocial aspects of illness.
- Neuman's Systems Model: Created by Betty Neuman, this model views the client as an open system interacting with internal and external stressors (environmental, intrapersonal, interpersonal). The client system strives to maintain a state of optimal wellness through lines of defense ([Neuman, B. (2009). The Neuman systems model (5th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall]).
Evaluation for ANP: Neuman's model offers a comprehensive perspective on client well-being, making it well-suited for ANPs working with diverse populations. This model readily integrates with holistic care approaches and empowers APNs to address interconnecting factors influencing patient health. A potential limitation lies in the model's abstract nature, requiring interpretation and translation into concrete nursing interventions.
Conclusion:
Choosing the right theoretical framework is crucial for success in ANP. By understanding the specific needs of their patients and practice area, APNs can evaluate various theories and models. Roy's Adaptation Model and Neuman's Systems Model represent two valuable options, each offering unique strengths for guiding advanced nursing practice.
Remember, this is just a starting point. It's important to explore a wider range of theories and models based on your specific interests within ANP.
Further Considerations:
- Explore theories specific to your area of practice, such as motivational interviewing for behavior change or self-care management models for chronic illness.
- Consider how the chosen model aligns with your personal philosophy of nursing.
- Reflect on how the theories translate into concrete actions and interventions for patient care.
References
Roy, C. (2009). The Roy adaptation model. Nursing Science Quarterly, 22(1), 12-17. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7428709/)
Neuman, B. (2009). The Neuman systems model (5th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.